Developing a 3D City Digital Twin: Enhancing Walkability through a Green Pedestrian Network (GPN) in the City of Imola, Italy

Predominantly, dense historical cities face insufficient pedestrian-level greenery in the urban spaces. The lack of impacts human thermal comfort on walking paths, which contributes to a considerable reduction pedestrian flow rate. This study aims at developing model assess city environments and then evaluate feasibility creating green network (GPN). Imola, as Italy with compact pattern, is selected case this paper. To accomplish this, three-dimensional digital twin scale developed for recognition real-time shade patterns designing GPN city. 3D proposed Rhinoceros platform, physiological equivalence temperature (PET) simulated through EnergyPlus, Honeybee, Ladybug components grasshopper. provides that capable examining based PET morphology Imola. indicates during hottest hour 25th June, pedestrians open spaces can experience 3 °C more than narrow shaded streets. results are validated situ datasets prove reliability GPN. It planners policy makers precise useful methodology simulating effects also guarantees functionality policies different settings.